Introduce the working principle of RV40-15-0.18KW worm gear reducer

RV40-15-0.18KW belongs to the small RV series worm gear reducer. The core realizes the functions of deceleration and torque increase through the meshing transmission of worm and worm gear. It is suitable for 0.18kW low-power motor and is widely used in light-load, low-speed automation equipment scenarios. The specific working principle can be divided into three parts: transmission structure, motion transmission, and core characteristics:

1. Transmission structure composition

This type of reducer is mainly composed of worm, worm gear, aluminum alloy box, input and output shaft, bearings, oil seals and other components.

(1) The worm is the driving part and is made of hardened steel. The tooth shape is mostly Archimedean spiral and is directly connected to the motor output shaft or through a coupling;

(2) The worm gear is a driven part made of wear-resistant tin bronze. The tooth shape meshes accurately with the worm spiral and is installed on the output shaft;

(3) The center distance is 40mm (the meaning of '40' in the model), the reduction ratio is 15:1 (the meaning of '15' in the model), and it is suitable for 0.18kW motor (the meaning of '0.18KW' in the model). The overall structure is compact and the volume is small.

2. Motion and torque transmission process

(1) Power input: The high-speed, low-torque power output by the 0.18kW motor is transmitted to the worm shaft of the reducer to drive the worm to rotate at high speed;

(2) Mesh reduction: The helical teeth of the worm mesh with the gear teeth of the worm gear. The rotational motion of the worm is converted into the rotational motion of the worm gear through the thrust of the helical teeth. Since the number of worm heads is much less than the number of worm gear teeth (a reduction ratio of 15:1 corresponds to a worm usually having a single head and a worm gear with 15 teeth), for every 15 turns of the worm, the worm wheel only makes one turn, achieving a 15-fold reduction effect;

(3) Torque amplification: According to the law of conservation of power (ignoring transmission losses), torque is inversely proportional to speed. The transmission efficiency of the reducer is about 0.5-0.6. After deceleration, the output torque can be amplified to 7.5-9 times the input torque, meeting the power needs of light-load equipment;

(4) Power output: The rotation of the worm gear drives the output shaft to rotate, and the amplified torque is transmitted to the load equipment (such as small conveyor belts, sorting mechanisms, etc.).

3. Core transmission characteristics

(1) Fixed reduction ratio: 15:1 is a fixed reduction ratio, with precise transmission ratio, stable operation and no slipping;

(2) Limited self-locking performance: This model has a reduction ratio of 15:1, and the worm lead angle is usually greater than 3.5°. It does not meet the self-locking condition of 'lead angle < equivalent friction angle' and has no reliable self-locking capability. After shutdown, the load may reverse due to gravity or external force, and a braking device needs to be installed according to the working conditions;

(3) Smooth transmission and low noise: When the worm and worm gear mesh, they are in line contact. The transmission process has small impact and weak vibration. The operating noise is usually less than 60dB, which is suitable for noise-sensitive scenarios (such as laboratory equipment, medical equipment);

(4) Heat dissipation and lubrication requirements: There is sliding friction in the worm drive, which will generate a certain amount of heat during operation. An appropriate amount of worm gear special oil needs to be added to remove heat through the circulation of lubricating oil and lubricate the meshing tooth surface and bearings at the same time to reduce wear and extend service life.