What factors are related to the quality of reducer seals?

The quality of the reducer seal directly determines its sealing effect, service life and anti-leakage capability. It is dominated by the three core elements of raw material material, production and manufacturing process, and structural design. At the same time, the original factory quality control standards, adaptability design, and transportation and storage conditions will also directly or indirectly affect its actual use quality. Each factor is interrelated and jointly determines the adaptability and stability of the seal under the complex working conditions of high temperature, high speed, vibration, and oil pollution of the reducer. The specific impact details are as follows:

1. The raw material material is the basis of the quality of the seal, which directly determines its oil resistance, temperature resistance, wear resistance, aging resistance and compression deformation resistance. Mainstream rubber seals (skeleton oil seals, O-rings), high-quality products will use special rubber materials such as virgin nitrile rubber and fluorine rubber, with antioxidant and anti-wear additives. The rubber material has high purity, precise formula, and the Shore hardness is controlled in a reasonable range of 70-85 degrees, which not only ensures the fit of the sealing lip, but also reduces friction loss; the fluorine rubber material also ensures high-temperature weather resistance and low-temperature elasticity to avoid high-temperature softening and low-temperature cracking. For the skeleton oil seal, the metal skeleton of high-quality products is made of cold-rolled thin steel plates, which have been treated with anti-rust treatment to have uniform thickness and moderate rigidity, which can ensure the overall shape of the oil seal is stable; while inferior seals will be mixed with a large amount of recycled rubber and cheap fillers, and the skeleton is made of thin iron sheets, which are prone to rust and deformation, directly leading to the failure of the sealing structure.

2. The accuracy of the manufacturing process is the key to ensuring that the size of the seal is compliant and the structure is intact. Minor process deviations can cause poor installation fit and leakage problems. The molds of high-quality seals are precisely processed, and the dimensional tolerances are controlled within a very small range. The curvature of the oil seal lip and the cross-sectional roundness of the O-ring are precise; the vulcanization process will accurately control the temperature, time, and pressure to ensure a uniform degree of rubber cross-linking without defects such as bubbles, lack of glue, and slag inclusions; after molding, they are precision trimmed, and the lips and edges will have no flash or burrs. The metal skeleton and rubber of the skeleton oil seal will also be bonded at high temperature through a special adhesive to ensure a tight combination without degumming and delamination. Inferior seals have low mold processing precision, large dimensional tolerances, out-of-control vulcanization process parameters, prone to insufficient or excessive vulcanization, rough trimming and residual flash, and weak bonding between the skeleton and rubber. These problems will directly destroy the sealing structure and reduce the sealing effect.

3. The rationality of structural design is the core for seals to adapt to the working conditions of the reducer. High-quality design will optimize the structure based on the shaft speed, rotation speed, vibration, installation space and other exclusive working conditions of the reducer. For example, the skeleton oil seal will design a main sealing lip with a reasonable curvature, with an oil storage tank to store grease and reduce friction, a dust-proof lip to block external impurities, and a stainless steel high-elastic spring to ensure that the lip continues to hold the journal, adapting to the slight movement and vibration of the shaft; sealing The gasket will be designed with positioning holes and concave-convex grooves based on the shape of the reducer's joint surface and bolt distribution to ensure installation alignment, uniform thickness, and reasonable compression deformation; the mating surfaces of the static ring and moving ring of the mechanical seal will be ground with high precision, and the spring compression amount will be designed to adapt to the movement and beating of the shaft. Unreasonable structural design, such as improper lip curvature, no dust-proof lip, insufficient spring elasticity, and no positioning design of the sealing gasket, will lead to poor sealing surface fit and rapid wear. Even if the material and process are up to standard, leakage and rapid failure will occur.