What are the impacts of the processing technology of worm gear reducer on the performance of equipment

Publish Time: 2025-08-25 Origin: Site

The processing technology of worm gear reducer worm has many important impacts on equipment performance, as follows:

Tooth shape accuracy : The tooth shape of a worm with high machining accuracy is closer to the theoretical tooth shape, the meshing with the worm gear is better, and the tooth surface contact is evenly in contact, which can reduce sliding friction during the meshing process, thereby improving transmission efficiency. For example, precision hobbing processing reaches the 6th level of accuracy level of ISO1328 standard, and the tooth surface roughness Ra≤0.8μm, the transmission efficiency can be improved compared to the worm with lower accuracy.
Surface Roughness : The surface roughness of the worm is low, and the tooth surface is smoother. When meshing with the worm gear, the friction force is less and the energy loss is less, which helps improve transmission efficiency. For every step reduction of tooth surface roughness, such as from Ra1.6 to Ra0.8, the efficiency can be improved by 2% to 3%.

Materials and heat treatment : The worm is usually made of 20CrMnTi or 42CrMo. The surface is carburized and quenched, and the surface hardness must reach HRC58 - 62. The core maintains the toughness index of HRC28 - 32. Suitable materials and heat treatment processes can make the worm have sufficient surface hardness to resist wear and a certain core toughness to withstand impact loads, thereby improving the load-bearing capacity of the worm.
Processing accuracy : Accurate processing can ensure the dimensional accuracy and shape accuracy of the worm, so that the stress distribution is more uniform when it withstands loads, avoiding local stress concentration, and thus improving the load-bearing capacity of the worm. If the processing accuracy is insufficient, the worm may experience failure forms such as tooth surface peeling and broken teeth under heavy load.

Tooth shape accuracy : High-precision tooth shape processing can ensure that the length and position of the contact line between the tooth surfaces are relatively stable during the meshing process of the worm and the worm gear, thereby making the transmission more stable, reducing impact and vibration, and reducing noise. On the contrary, worms with poor tooth precision will cause uneven meshing during transmission, resulting in increased noise.
Helical angle deviation : The worm thread adopts CNC cyclone milling process, the spiral angle deviation does not exceed ±5', and the lead error is controlled within the range of 0.01mm/100mm, which can ensure that the meshing between the worm and the worm gear is more stable. If the helical angle deviation is too large, it will cause instantaneous transmission ratio fluctuations during meshing, affecting the stability of the transmission.

Surface treatment : Surface treatment such as chrome plating or nitriding can improve the hardness and wear resistance of the worm surface, reduce wear on the tooth surface, and thus extend the service life of the worm. For example, nitriding treatment can form a hard nitriding layer on the surface of the worm, effectively improving its resistance to wear and corrosion.
Processing accuracy : Accurate processing can ensure that the dimensional tolerances and shape tolerances of the worm are within a reasonable range, reducing local wear and fatigue wear caused by processing errors, so that the worm can maintain good working performance for a long time and extend its service life.

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