The working environment temperature of the ZL35-12-I gear reducer mainly affects the motor's heat dissipation efficiency and the performance of the reducer's lubricating oil through two core channels, indirectly or directly changing the effective output power of the motor. The specific effects are as follows:
1. The impact of high temperature environment (ambient temperature >45℃) on motor power
1. The cooling efficiency of the motor decreases and the effective power attenuates.
The rated power of the motor is calibrated based on the standard ambient temperature (25°C). When the ambient temperature exceeds 45°C, the temperature difference between the motor shell and the environment decreases, the heat dissipation speed slows down, and the winding temperature rises rapidly. In order to prevent the winding insulation layer from aging due to high temperature, the allowable output power of the motor will be forced to be reduced.
(1) Empirical rule: for every 10°C increase in ambient temperature, the effective output power of the motor will decrease by 8% to 12%; when the temperature reaches 60°C, the power attenuation can reach 20% to 30%.
(2) Impact on ZL35-12-I: The motor power range that this reducer is adapted to is usually 3kW~15kW. If it is operated in an environment of 55℃, the actual effective power of a motor originally adapted to 11kW may drop below 8.8kW, which cannot meet the rated load requirements of the reducer, resulting in motor overload, excessive current, tripping or even burning.
2. The performance of reducer lubricating oil deteriorates, increases transmission resistance, and reduces the effective power of the motor in disguised form.
High temperature will cause the viscosity of the L-CKC 220/320 extreme pressure gear oil in the reducer to decrease, the strength of the oil film to decrease, and the frictional resistance at the gear mesh to increase. At the same time, high temperature will accelerate the oxidation and deterioration of the lubricating oil, causing sludge to block the oil circuit, further increasing transmission losses.
The increase in transmission loss will cause the motor to output more power to overcome the resistance, which is equivalent to the effective transmission power of the motor being additionally consumed, and the power actually transmitted to the output shaft of the reducer is reduced.
2. The impact of low temperature environment (ambient temperature <0℃) on motor power
1. The viscosity of the lubricating oil increases sharply, the starting resistance becomes larger, and the starting power of the motor is insufficient.
When the ambient temperature is below 0°C, the viscosity of the gear oil will increase exponentially and even appear in a semi-solidified state. At the moment when the reducer is started, the rotational resistance of the gears and bearings increases significantly. At this time, the motor needs to output a starting torque much higher than the rated power to drive the reducer.
If the rated power margin of the motor is insufficient, problems such as difficulty in starting and slow rise in speed will occur. In severe cases, the starting current of the motor may be too large, triggering a thermal protection trip, or the winding may be overheated and damaged due to long-term overloading.
Impact on ZL35-12-I: This model is a small reducer, and the starting torque reserve coefficient of the adapted motor is usually 1.5~2.0. In a low temperature environment of -20°C, if the lubricating oil is not preheated, the starting resistance may exceed the upper limit of the motor's starting torque, resulting in failure to start normally.
2. The motor winding resistance increases and the output power is slightly attenuated.
Low temperature will increase the copper resistance of the motor winding, increase the loss (copper loss) when the current passes, and slightly reduce the output efficiency of the motor. Usually, for every 10°C decrease in temperature, the power attenuates by about 2% to 3%. This effect is far less than the starting resistance problem caused by the viscosity of the lubricating oil.
