For the spline shaft of the ZLY280-16-1 hard tooth surface gear reducer, its common faults are mainly concentrated in wear, fracture and deformation.
1. Spline tooth surface wear
This is one of the most common failure modes of splined shafts.
The main manifestation of wear is: the sides of the spline teeth are worn thin, causing the gap between the spline shaft and the matching gear or sleeve to become larger.
Causes of wear:
1. Poor lubrication: Insufficient lubricating oil, substandard oil or impurities in the oil lead to dry friction or abrasive wear between the tooth surfaces.
2. Load problem: The equipment has been subjected to large vibration and impact loads for a long time, which aggravates the friction between the tooth surfaces.
3. Assembly problem: The backlash of the spline fit is too large, which will cause impact when transmitting torque and accelerate wear.
2. Spline breakage
Fracture is a serious failure and is usually divided into two types: overload fracture and fatigue fracture.
1. Overload fracture:
The main manifestations of overload fracture: usually occur when the equipment is suddenly stuck or severely overloaded, the roots of the spline teeth are instantly sheared, and the fracture is rough.
Causes of overload rupture: The torque endured far exceeds the design limit, such as the equipment being accidentally stuck or the starting shock being too large.
2. Fatigue fracture:
The main manifestations of fatigue fracture are: under long-term alternating load, tiny fatigue cracks will occur at the roots of the spline teeth, and the cracks will gradually expand, eventually leading to broken teeth. Shell-like fatigue lines can usually be seen on the fracture surface.
Causes of fatigue fracture: Frequent starts and stops of the equipment, long-term high load conditions, or too small spline tooth root fillet leading to stress concentration.
3. Spline deformation
When the spline shaft is subjected to abnormally large forces, plastic deformation may occur.
The main manifestations of deformation are: the spline tooth surface is crushed, dented or overall distorted, resulting in the inability to mesh normally.
Causes of deformation: instantaneous overload impact, or insufficient hardness and strength of the spline material itself.
