How much impact does the reducer stage have on transmission accuracy and stability?

The number of reducer stages has the following impact on transmission accuracy and stability:

• Effect on transmission accuracy

• Error transmission and accumulation : Theoretically, the more stages, the longer the transmission chain, the more links there are in error transmission, and the more likely it is to lead to a decrease in accuracy. Because each stage of gear transmission will have certain manufacturing errors, installation errors, and gear meshing clearance, etc., these errors will gradually accumulate in multi-stage transmission. For example, if the accuracy of a single-stage reducer can reach less than 1 arc minute, the accuracy of the two-stage reducer may drop to less than 3 arc minutes due to the superposition of errors.

• Error Average and Compensation : In some high-precision reducer designs, the transmission error can be averaged and compensated by reasonably designing the parameters and accuracy levels of multi-stage gears. For example, when using a multi-stage planetary reducer, by optimizing the distribution of planetary wheels and gear parameters at each level, the errors at each level can be offset to a certain extent, which can improve the transmission accuracy and meet applications such as precision machine tools and industrial robots that require extremely high accuracy.

• Effect on transmission stability

• Vibration and Noise : As the number of stages increases, the number of gears meshing increases, and the possibility of vibration increases. The meshing frequency of multi-stage gears is superimposed, which is easy to generate resonance, and the noise peak will also increase accordingly, which may affect the transmission stability. For example, the noise of a single-stage reducer may be around 65dB, while the noise of a multi-stage reducer may reach 75-80dB.

• Load balancing : Multi-stage reducer can allow more gear teeth to participate in the load, and can disperse the load on multiple gears, making the load on each gear stage relatively even. Under reasonable design and good manufacturing process, it is conducive to improving transmission stability and better withstand impact loads and fluctuating loads. It is suitable for large heavy-load equipment.

• Output smoothness : Increasing the number of stages can reduce the size of the gears per stage, making the output torque smoother, which helps improve transmission stability. In some occasions where precise control and stable operation are required, such as the conveying system of an automated production line, multi-stage reducer can provide smoother power transmission.